Omega Speedmaster

[george_]

οκ ειναι μυθος,οκ μιλαμε για μηχανες και ολα τα σχετικα,ας δουμε λιγο πιο αναλυτικα ομως:
In 1962, NASA decided to equip the astronauts of its future Gemini programm with a highly accurate, legible, resistant and reliable wrist chronograph.

Donald K. Slayton, head of the flight Crew Operations , took action to select the chronographs :

For the purpose of comparison tests, NASA purchased chronographs different brands from Corrigan's, a large retailer in Houston, Texas the following watches where purchased : Elgin, Benrus, Hamilton, Mido, Piccard, Omega, Bulova, Rolex, Longine and Gruen. Of theses only 3 where selected for the comparative evaluation testing :

Longines, Omega and Rolex

Model tested : probably 105.012 no documents found for the moment to firmly state this , but for sure a Speedmaster equiped with Omega 321 caliber

High temperature: 48 hours at 71 C followed by 30 minutes at 93 C. This under a pressure of 0,35atm and relative humidity not over 15%.


Low temperature: Four hours at -18 C.


Temperature-pressure: 0,000001atm and temperature raised to 71 C. Temperature then lowered to -18 C in 45 minutes and again raised to 71º C in 45 minutes. This cycle was repeated fifteen times.


Relative humidity: 240 hours in relatuve humidity of at least 95% and at temperatures varying between 20º C and 71º C. The steam had a pH value of between 6,5 and 7,5.


Oxygen atmosphere: Exposure to 100% oxygen atmosphere at a pressure of 0,35atm and a temperature of 71 C for 48 hours.


Shock: Six 11 millisecond shocks of 40g each in six different directions.


Acceleration: Linear acceleration from 1g to 7,25g within 333 seconds.


Decompression: 90 minutes in a vaccum of 0 10-6 atm and a temperature of 71 C and 30 minutes in the same vaccum but at a temperature of 93C.


High pressure: Exposure to 1,6atm for one hour.


Vibration: Three cycles of 30 minutes (lateral, horizontal and vertical), the frequency varying from 5 to 2000cps and back to 5cps in 15 minutes. Average acceleration per impulse 8,8g.


Acoustic noise: 130dB over a frequency range from 40 to 10000Hz for 30 minutes

Results of the tests :

Omega Speedmaster : gained 21 minutes during decompression test and lost 15 minutes during the acceleration test , the luminescence of the dial was lost during the test

Rolex Daytona : stopped running on two occasions during the relative humidity test and during the high pressure test when the sweep second hand wraped and press against the other hands

Longine Wittnauer : Crystal warped and disengaged during the high pressure test , same fault occured during the decompression test

Final conclusion : the Omega chronograph performmed satisfactorily

In 1965, NASA chose the Omega Speedmaster Professional as the official chronograph for the space program. ....
 
συνεχιζεται και αλλαζει χρονικα και με αλλα τεστ που θα αναφερω,το συγκεκριμενο εχει να κανει με το ρολοι που φοραγε το caliber 321 το οποιο εφερε το ρολοι που πατησε στο φεγγαρι και βρισκεται  εως το 1967 με αυτη την μηχανη.στα επομενα τεστ που αφορουν την 861

μια φωτο απο ρολοι σε διαστημικη αποστολη τη δεκαετια του 70,το βασικο ειναι οτι λειτουργει
http://img265.imageshack.us/img265/8838/omertwxu1.jpg

και απο τεστ
http://img411.imageshack.us/img411/1861/omspedmy3.jpg

[george_]

1972 Test Program CALIBER 861
Bulova had insisted that chronographs chosen by NASA follow the policy of the "buy American" regulations estalished by the Senate. Both Omega and Bulova wished to comply with this, however, as of 1972, Bulova did not manufacture a US made chronograph. In August of 1972, sixteen companies were notified by NASA that the Manned Spacecraft Center (MSC) planned to establish a Qualified Product List (QPL) for possible future procurement of astronaut watches.

This list included:

The Breitling Watch Corporation
The Bulova Watch Company
The Elmore Watch Company
The Elgin National Watch Company
The Forbes Company
The S. A. Girard-Perregaux Company
The Gruen Watch Company
The Hamilton Watch Company
The Heuer Time and Electronic Corporation
The LeJour Watch Company
The Longines-Wittnauer Company
The Omega Watch Company
The American Rolex Company
The Seiko Watch Company
The Zodiac Watch Company
In order to comply with the 'Buy American' act, Omega had the cases for the Speedmaster manufactured in Michigan by the Starr Watch Case Company. Crystals were shipped to them from Switzerland. Completed cases with crystals were shipped on to the Hamilton Watch Company in Pennsylvania, for inspection and testing. The case and crystals were then shipped to Switzerland where the movements were installed and the entire watch was subjected to final inspection and environmental testing. Omega changed the original Cal. 321 movement to the Cal. 861 in 1968 so it must be assumed that the Cal. 861 was the version tested.

The testing process was done in two stages. First, there were several general requirements needed to become "Flight Qualified." If a watch met these criteria, it was then subjected to a series of specific and regorous "space flight environmental tests" to determine final suitability for spaceflight. The general requirements were that the watch be a chronograph, anti-magnetic, waterproof, and shock-resistant. The case must be finished for non-reflective characteristics, and the crystal of the chronograph must be anit-reflective so that the dials could be easily read under light levels ranging from three foot-candles to direct, unfiltered sunlight. Accuracy requiremnets both in the face up and face down positions should be plus or minus 6 seconds in a 24 hour period. The watches were then subjected to the specific environmental tests which included vacuum testing, oxygen atmosphere testing, low temperature, acceleration, random vibration test, electromagnetic induction tests, and a humidity test. The specific test parameters are listed below.. 
1. Vacuum testing..... The chronograph shall be subjected to a vacuum of 1x10^-6 Torr or better for a total of 72 hours. During the first 10 hours of testing the temperature of the items shall be increased to 160 (+/-10) degrees F. The temperature shall then be returned to 78 (+/-10) degrees F for the remainder of the test.

2. Oxygen Atmosphere/Temperature Test..... The test items shall be placed in atmosphere of 95 +/-5 percent oxygen at a pressure of 5+/-0.1 psia and a temperature of 155 +/-5 degrees F for 72 hours. Gas samples extracted from the chamber area shall be analyzed for organic and CO content per test number 6 of D-NA-0002.

3. Low Temperature..... The test items shall be lowered to 0 +/- 5 degrees F. This temperature shall be maintained for 10 +/-0.5 hours. The test items shall be allowed to return to ambient before functional testing.

4. Acceleration..... The test items shall be subjected to 20's +/- 2 g's in each direction of the three (3) perpendicular axes.

5. Random Vibration..... The test items shall be installed in a fixture and submitted to 7.8 g's RMS for 5 +/-0.1 minutes, as defined in figure 2 in each of 3 axes. The test fixture with the test items shall then be submitted to 3.2 g's for 12 +/-0.1 minutes as defined in figure 1, in each of the 3 axes [Eds. Note: Figures not provided].

6. EMI Test..... The test items shall be subjected to all applicable requirements of Mil-STD-461A, if an electromechanical movement is employed.

7. Humidity Testing..... The test items shall be submitted to a humidity test per MIL-STD-810B, Method 507, Procedure I, except minimum temperature shall be 68 deg F and maximum temperature shall be 120 deg F.
 
These tests were completed by November 1972, and the Deputy Administrator of NASA, George Low, in his letter to the Assistant to the President at the White House, Jonathan C. Rose, stated the results of the spaceflight qualification test. "The Bulova chronograph stopped three times during the humidity test, and stopped again during the acceleration test. Based on our criteria, the Bulova chronograph therefore, has not been qualified for use on the Apollo 17 mission... We will continue to use the Omega watch in the Apollo program.

The issue was finalized by a letter from Dale Myers, Associate Administrator for manned Space Flight, to Dr. George Low, the deputy director of NASA, on November 13, 1972. "The special Bulova chronographs purchased by MSC for possible application for Apollo 17 and Skylab, have failed their qualification tests both in humidity and acceleration. I have instructed the Manned Spacecraft Center to take no further action with respect to chronograph testing or other companies watches. I consider the Bulova watch issue closed."

ΕΧΟΥΜΕ ΤΗ ΝΕΑ ΜΗΧΑΝΗ ΣΕ ΑΥΤΑ ΤΑ ΤΕΣΤ CALIBER 861

και για να το ξεκαθαρισουμε με το σημερινο μοντελο ,ποιο ειναι ο συνεχιστης



Which version of the Speedmaster is "NASA approved"

The version of the Speedmaster which is qualified for manned mission is the standard version of the Speedmaster : hesalite crystal and plain back : 3570.50

[george_]

[size=150]και καποιες φωτο απο τα επισημα εγγραφα
[/size]














Results of the tests :
απο τα 11 αρχικα ρολογια στο τελικο τεστ μενουν 3,omega.rolex daytona,longines


Omega Speedmaster : gained 21 minutes during decompression test and lost 15 minutes during the acceleration test , the luminescence of the dial was lost during the test

Rolex Daytona : stopped running on two occasions during the relative humidity test and during the high pressure test when the sweep second hand wraped and press against the other hands

Longine Wittnauer : Crystal warped and disengaged during the high pressure test , same fault occured during the decompression test

Final conclusion : the Omega chronograph performmed satisfactorily

In 1965, NASA chose the Omega Speedmaster Professional as the official chronograph for the space program. ...."

[george_]

και οπως ειχα πει και αλλου για τεσταρισμα η αποστολη το ομεγα το αγορασαν ακομα και απο κοσμηματοπωλειο

 
Corrigans Jewelery Store, Houston, Texas
August 14, 1961

TONY CARRETTA, NASA's flight equipment buyer, gratefully wiped his brow with his handkerchief as he entered the cool, airconditioned showroom. It sure was hot outside, and his government-issue car didn't have an airconditioner. He looked around and then made his way over to the brightly-lit watch counter. He stared at the rows of watches for a few minutes before a smartly-dressed, pleasant-looking young man approached him from behind the counter. The young man switched on a smile and said, "Hi, I'm Leon Davis, store manager—can I help you?"
"Yes," said Carretta, "I'm looking for a high-quality, accurate but sturdy chronograph that can time events up to 12 hours."
"Hmmmm. Manual wind or automatic?"
"Doesn't matter, as long as it can be wound by hand as well."
"May I ask what sort of things you'll be timing? Long distance motor races?"
"Yeah, something like that."
"Well, we have several here, but you can't go wrong with the Omega Speedmaster. Manual wind 17 jewel Swiss movement, stainless steel case, easy-to-read dial with hours, minutes and seconds read-out, and legendary Swiss quality. Specially designed with motor races such as Le Mans and the Indy 500 in mind. Only thing is, it's a little expensive."
"How expensive?"
The manager pursed his lips, thinking. "I can let you have it for just under $100. That's a good price for a quality timepiece like that."
Carretta appeared to consider this for a while. "OK, you've convinced me. I'll take it."
The young man smiled even more, and then busied himself transferring the Speedmaster into its red box before carefully wrapping it. He attended to the paperwork, handed the package to Carretta and was about to see him off the premises when he said, "Oh, I forgot to mention, did you notice the scale round the outside of the dial?" Carretta nodded. "Well, that's called a tachymetre scale. You use that to work out your speed over a measured mile. It reads up to 500 miles per hour, but I guess you won't be going that fast!"
Carretta just smiled and walked out of the store and into the blast furnace outside. He would have loved to have seen the smile get wiped off the manager's face if he told him the Speedmaster would likely be travelling at 17,500 miles per hour, not just a mere 500, but the thought of the trouble he could get into because of that little indiscretion quickly removed the temptation. He felt the sweat trickling down his spine. God, it was hot. And he had another four chronographs to buy that afternoon."

[george_]

Ron E. Evan Speedmaster (Apolo 17)



Alan Sheppard Speedmaster (Apollo14):

[george_]

http://cgi.ebay.it/ws/eBayISAPI.dll?ViewItem&item=250842773059&ssPageName=STRK:MEWAX:IT


Omega Speedmaster Pro 1968 Orig. Owner, Needs repaired



Circa EUR 4.943,26

[eisenberg]

βρε συ george,αυτος ο αστροναυτης φοραει το ρολοι αναποδα 
Μηπως για λογους φωτογραφησης?

[george_]

οχι..για λογους χρησης...ειχα διαβασει το θεμα πριν καιρο...λες να χει αναγκη ακομα απο διαφημιση?

[eisenberg]

οχι..για λογους χρησης...ειχα διαβασει το θεμα πριν καιρο...λες να χει αναγκη ακομα απο διαφημιση?

Τί εννοεις για λογους χρησης?Πως ειναι δυνατον να τον εξυπηρετει ενα ρολοι χρονογραφος φορεμενο αναποδα?
Εμενα μου φαινεται στημενο για να βγαινει σωστα στις φωτογραφιες.
Ενα προιον παντα χρειαζεται διαφημιστικη υποστηριξη.
Παντως θα χε ενδιαφερον αν βρεις το αρθρο που το διαβασες...

[george_]

Οσο θυμαμαι ,ειχε να κανει με την αναγνωση της ωρας και την πιο ευκολη χρηση του χρονγραφου..στην συγκεκριμενη περιπτωση,την εβλεπε απο την αντανακλαση του dial,σε καποιο πανελ...ειναι παλιο το αρθρο,αλλα θα ψαξω...το πιο ενδιαφερον eis ειναι αλλο!!!Το φοραει ενας Ρωσος αστροναυτης!!

[george_]

[george_]

[george_]

http://www.chronomaddox.com/romans.html

[george_]

[george_]

Αυτο το speedy δεν το εχω ξαναδει..